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Exploring the Link Between Autism Diagnoses and Definition Changes

Robert F. Kennedy Jr. and the Controversy Surrounding Vaccine Safety

U.S. Secretary of Health and Human Services Robert F. Kennedy Jr. speaks during a news conference.

Alex Wong/Getty Images

Robert F. Kennedy Jr., the U.S. Secretary of Health and Human Services, has long been a controversial figure in the public health sector. Known for his skepticism about vaccines, Kennedy has frequently linked them to autism—a theory that has been thoroughly discredited by numerous scientific studies.

The persistent nature of this belief may be influenced by the increasing rates of autism diagnoses observed over the past few decades. Dr. Allen Frances, a psychiatrist who chaired the task force for the fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), suggests that the broadened clinical criteria for autism might be a contributing factor to the rising numbers.

As autism rates have climbed significantly, questions arise about the role of these expanded definitions in the apparent surge. Could the clinical framework used to diagnose autism be partly responsible for the observed increase?

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This episode was produced by Michael Levitt and Connor Donevan. Edited by Courtney Dorning and Nadia Lancy with additional insights from NPR’s Throughline podcast.